CLINICAL SYSTEMS LITERATURE REVIEW 2

Clinical Systems Literature Review

Skiba, D. (2017). Evaluation tools to appraise social media and mobile applications.
In Informatics (Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 32). doi:10.3390/informatics4030032
In Evaluation tools to appraise social media and mobile applications, Skida (2017)
conducted a study on various strategies that healthcare professionals and other consumers can
use to evaluate digital tools used to support provision of healthcare services. With digital tools
increasingly being used for education, communication with patients, and offering of healthcare
services, it is important that healthcare providers know how to choose the most appropriate
technologies. Having the knowledge and skills to make this choice will allow them to
recommend to patients the best tools available in the market to use for their healthcare needs.
The study reviewed both literature from healthcare professionals and current literature on the
subject to find out instruments and criteria that healthcare providers can use to choose
appropriate social media and mobile apps for themselves and for their patients. The
researchers provided a large of instruments to help healthcare professionals in choosing most
appropriate apps. The criteria proposed prioritizes data security, privacy, ease of use, and
reliability. Following this criteria or using the online instruments provided will allow
healthcare providers to recommend to patients the best social media and mobile apps that fit
their healthcare needs. With such digital tools, patients are likely to enjoy improved health
outcomes, increased engagement between healthcare providers and patients, and more patient
satisfaction.
Rao-Gupta, S., Kruger, D. Leak, L. D., Tieman, L. A., & Manworren, R. C. B. (2018).
Leveraging interactive patient care technology to Improve pain management engagement.
Pain Management Nursing, 19(3), 212–221. doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2017.11.002

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Rao-Gupta et al. (2017) conducted a study aimed at finding strategies to improve
patient and family perceptions of the effectiveness of hospital’s pain management practices.
The study found that by using interactive patient care technologies which enhanced
partnership and communication between healthcare providers and patients and/or families, the
level of satisfaction with pain management plans increased. Thus, from the study partnership
and active communication between healthcare providers and patients or families of patients
significantly improves the effectiveness of pain management in healthcare facilities.
The findings of this study support findings of similar studies that have recommended
establishment of an organizational culture where healthcare professionals are sensitive to the
pain of patients. At the core of this culture is collaboration in pain management programs
between the healthcare professionals designing and implementing them and the patients or
their families.
Alkureishi, M. A., Lee, W. W., Webb, S., & Arora, V. (2018). Integrating patient-
centered electronic health record communication training into resident onboarding:
curriculum development and post-implementation survey among housestaff. JMIR
medical education, 4(1), e1.
The study by Alkureishi, Lee, Webb, and Arora (2018) focused on the effectiveness of
using training of new healthcare staff (mainly clinicians) in patient-centered electronic health
records as a means of developing a culture of efficiency and delivery of quality healthcare
services to patients. Using post-implementation surveys, the researchers sought to find
whether such training had any impact on quality and efficiency of healthcare services that the
new healthcare staff provided to patients. It found that the training gave new healthcare
professionals the necessary skills needed to deliver efficient healthcare services to patients. It

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also helped trainees to understand the value of electronic health record technologies to
improve health outcomes of patients and increase their levels of satisfaction. In particular, the
study found that the trainees became more efficient in recording patient data, retrieving it, and
sharing it with other healthcare professionals for quick and accurate patient treatment. Even
though the training was limited to clinicians, it is likely to have the same impact when
extended to other healthcare professionals such as nurses and physicians in fostering a highly
efficient and patient-centered care.
Mold, F., Raleigh, M., Alharbi, N. S., & de Lusignan, S. (2018). The impact of patient
online access to computerized medical records and services on type 2 diabetes:
systematic review. Journal of medical Internet research, 20(7), e235.
The study by Mold, Raleigh, Alharbi, and de Lusignan (2018) examined the impact of
use of digital medical records and provision of online services to patients with type 2 diabetes.
This study is especially important because many healthcare facilities are increasingly
digitizing medical records and offering various healthcare services online. Before it becomes
standard practice, it would be helpful to understand whether such trends improve patient
experience and healthcare outcomes.
The study found many positive impacts of allowing healthcare providers to use digital
medical records and offer online services to type 2 diabetes patients, particularly services
meant to maintain glycemic control. It was found that the use of digital records significantly
improved the efficiency with which healthcare professionals provided services to type 2
diabetes patients. Unlike looking for patient information in paper records which is laborious,
accessing vital patient information on digital records takes just a few seconds. Additionally,
using information retrieved from digital records in treating type 2 diabetes patients is safer

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than using information retrieved from paper records. This is because, unlike records kept in
papers, it is difficult to alter data kept in digital records. The use of information from digital
records, therefore, allows healthcare professionals to provide safe medication prescription.
More importantly, computerized medical records allow healthcare professionals to
deliver personalized services. For instance, characteristics of patients such as age and existing
medical conditions need to be considered when prescribing various medications to patients.
Digitized medical records allow healthcare providers to access all information about a patient
in one place. This information helps them to provide personalized services to the patient.
Thus, access of digital medical records significantly improves not just the efficiency with
which healthcare providers offer services to patients but also improves patient outcomes.
Neves, A. L., Carter, A. W., Freise, L., Laranjo, L., Darzi, A., & Mayer, E. K. (2018).
Impact of sharing electronic health records with patients on the quality and safety of
care: a systematic review and narrative synthesis protocol. BMJ open, 8(8), e020387.
In Impact of sharing electronic health records with patients on quality and safety of
care: a systematic review and narrative synthesis protocol, Neves, Carter, Freise, Laranjo,
Darzi, and Mayer (2018) sought to find out the benefits and risks associated with sharing
patient data with patients using electronic health records (EHR) platform. Many studies have
focused on the benefits of healthcare providers using EHR to quickly access patient data and
share it with other providers with the goal of providing fast, effective, and safe care to
patients. Apart from healthcare providers, some studies have found that there benefits in
healthcare providers also sharing data about patients with the patients themselves. The study
by Neves et al. (2018) looked at existence of these benefits across multiple domains. It found
that sharing data with patients enhances communication between the healthcare provider and

CLINICAL SYSTEMS LITERATURE REVIEW 6
the patient which enhances patient-provider collaboration in healthcare provision. In addition,
such data sharing improves patient satisfaction. However, there was no strong evidence
supporting that sharing of data with patients improves effectiveness of treatments.
This study is important because healthcare policies should be evidence-based. The
trend towards sharing patient data with the patients themselves on EHR platforms should be
carefully examined for risks and benefits. Such examination will allow healthcare providers to
know whether to share the data or not and what kinds of data to share with patients. As it has
been found elsewhere, sharing some data with patients may have negative consequences. For
instance, if a patient suffering from depression gets access to their data revealing that they are
a suicide risk, they may actually commit suicide. It is, therefore, important that healthcare
providers only share data that enhances patient-provider collaboration such as in health
conditions that require patient self-management.

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CLINICAL SYSTEMS LITERATURE REVIEW 8

References

Alkureishi, M. A., Lee, W. W., Webb, S., & Arora, V. (2018). Integrating patient-centered
electronic health record communication training into resident onboarding: curriculum
development and post-implementation survey among housestaff. JMIR medical
education, 4(1), e1.
Mold, F., Raleigh, M., Alharbi, N. S., & de Lusignan, S. (2018). The impact of patient online
access to computerized medical records and services on type 2 diabetes: systematic
review. Journal of medical Internet research, 20(7), e235.
Neves, A. L., Carter, A. W., Freise, L., Laranjo, L., Darzi, A., & Mayer, E. K. (2018). Impact
of sharing electronic health records with patients on the quality and safety of care: a
systematic review and narrative synthesis protocol. BMJ open, 8(8), e020387.
Rao-Gupta, S., Kruger, D. Leak, L. D., Tieman, L. A., & Manworren, R. C. B. (2018).
Leveraging interactive patient care technology to Improve pain management engagement.
Pain Management Nursing, 19(3), 212–221. doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2017.11.002
Skiba, D. (2017). Evaluation tools to appraise social media and mobile applications.
In Informatics (Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 32). doi:10.3390/informatics4030032