Final Course Report: Bibliographic Report and Research Tracker

Association of Government Accounts (2018). Resources. Citizen-Centric Reporting (CCR).
Retrieved February 9, 2018, from:
https://www.agacgfm.org/Resources/Performance-Accountability/CCR.aspx
NPV is the centre of concern in the report. The analysis in the paper describes how
the NPV was developed in the state. In the current world, the net present value is
accepted in nearly all organizations as the best way to determine the viability of a
venture. The article focuses on the prohibition of interests such as the compound
interest in religious and philosophical entities as a critical obstacle in development.
The information gathered from the report will help understand why most
organizations adopt the NPV module while other tools such as compound interest and
IRR can be used. Also, there is an analysis of the contribution of NPV in the
monetary theory. To ensure effectiveness and efficiency in service delivery, there is a
focus on reducing the amount of debt. A decrease in debt provides the municipality
with the ability to allocate more funds towards other operations.
Association of Government Accounts (2018). Resources. Completed Citizen-Centric Report.
Government CCRs. Retrieved February 11, 2018, from:
https://www.agacgfm.org/getattachment/Resources/Performance-
Accountability/CCR/Completed-CCRs/Government-entity-
CCRs/BaltimoreCityCCR2015.pdf.aspx
The report focuses of the financial capabilities of the Citizen-Centric. The
municipality ignores the qualitative aspects of the organization in using non-
controlling interests. They only consider the quantitative, which is the monetary
aspect of the analysis. The external factor of the recession that is also widely ignored
in the municipality is the analysis of its non-controlling interest. The budgetary

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3
allocation document provides information on the amount in the original budget, the
amount in the final budget, and the amount used in reality. The highest allocation of
the budget is towards the general government. Information from the report is vital as
it indicates how the State of Baltimore operates.
City of Baltimore (2018). Baltimore City Department of Finance. Documents and Reports.
Baltimore City Annual Financial Reports/Comprehensive Annual Financial Reports
(CAFR). Retrieved February 11, 2018 from:
https://finance.baltimorecity.gov/sites/default/files/finance_baltimorecity_gov/attachments/B
C-CAFR%202016%20072317_0.pdf
The article provides information on the City of Baltimore. The article describes the
various modifications that can be made on Net Present Value so that a state can
evaluate an investment in multiple uncertainties where the possibility of occurrence is
known. Thus, from the investigation, it is clear that most organizations use NPV due
to the ability to determine a payback period when there are risks and uncertainties.
There is also an elaboration on cash flow and how they relate to income and
expenditure in the state’s financial documents. The paper’s information is critical in
establishing the benefits of NPV in investment decisions where risks are applicable.
First Book. (2020). Form 990. Retrieved from https://www.firstbook.org/about/financials/.
Accessed October 1, 2020.
The article provides information about First Book Company. The key concern is on
the financial data and compliance of the company since it is a non-profit organization.
Financial information of the company is centered on the generation of revenue and the
sources of income. The focus is on how NPV can be used to conduct the cost-benefit
analysis by considering the aspects of revenue and expenditure. Most organizations
value the concept of the principal amount invested and the return period. The source

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4
provides an elaboration of the mechanisms through which an organization can gauge
investment viability by reflecting on the NPV, expenditure, revenue, and the principal
amount of investment. Equally, the source highlights the idea that economic growth
will impact the use of NPV in the future. The company uses a similar method in the
evaluation and analysis of financial data. To effectively achieve its mission, the
company does not entirely depend on donations and grants. They make sales of some
of the books but not intending to make profits. Instead, the income generated from the
sales is to facilitate the transportation of the books.
Neely, D. & Harris, E. (2018). Determinants and Consequences of Non-profit Transparency.
Journal of Accounting and Finance, 1(1), 12-45.
Most people know that the value of money in hand today will be more in the future.
However, individuals do not understand the logistics behind the analogy. The article
focuses on describing the typical reasons why most companies use NPV than any
other financial tool in assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of their investment.
Also, from the article, it is possible to understand how best NPV can be computed and
all required components. A line can be drawn from the information on the differences
between NPV, IRR, and return on capital. The article also elaborates that the NPV can
also be detrimental, and organizations should not always anticipate the outcome to be
positive.
Riahi, O., & Khoufi, W. (2016). Effects of Fair Market Value on Company’s Reputation.
International Journal of Accounting and Economics Study, 4(1), 36.
The article aims at assisting the student in deepening their understanding of the
concept of capital budgeting. There is enough knowledge on how various companies
utilize the tool of Present Net Value (NPV), but it is not sufficient. Thus, the article’s
focus is on establishing the instances at which a project will generate the pay for the

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 5
NPV. The knowledge will help understand why various companies prefer to use the
NPV than the IRR and the return on capital. Also, the article analyzes in monetary
aspects the amount that a given investment group will gain for a given period in
addition to the payments made. NPV largely depends on the cost of capital in its
computation, while the IRR is dependent on the price of replacement. The analysis
makes a comparison between the two. A qualitative and longitudinal study is
conducted to test the hypothesis that NPV is much better than IRR. The study’s main
aim is to have a better understanding of the existing system where most of the
organizations depend on NPV more than they rely on the IRR. The IRR was used in
the evaluation of which investment is giving a much better rate of return.