Annotated Bibliography on Innovation

Chen, J., Yin, X., & Mei, L. (2018). Holistic innovation: An emerging innovation
paradigm. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 2(1), 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2018.02.001
This article is written by academic experts in the open innovation field, and explores
the various innovation paradigms and their associated shortcomings, drawing from best
innovation practices in the 21 st century. Specifically, the researchers debunk holistic
innovation and the theoretical frameworks in relation to policy implications. Holistic
innovation (HI) is defined by four core elements including total, strategic,
collaborative, and open models. In addition, a firm’s technological innovation
management is crucial towards the implementation and realization of the innovation-
driven development strategy. The authors conduct a systematic review of studies that
investigate an innovation paradigm shift, including the implication to policy across
diverse settings. Particularly, the research centres on frameworks from the Eastern and
Chinese cultures including meta-level adoption of policy designs towards sustainable
development.
The findings suggest that the shift to holistic innovation in China is founded on a
complex interaction of strategic innovation, open innovation, collaborative innovation,
and total innovation concepts. Moreover, regional organizations that leverage holistic
innovation to drive policy changes often realize “top-level” strategic innovation
design, which further drives improvement in core areas like science and technology.
Given that China is considered a leader in science and technological innovations, this
article provides a much-needed perspective into how countries can improve regional
and national innovation systems. Ultimately, divergent thinking on the HI paradigm

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shift is a crucial driver of innovation policy and the associated support for enterprises
looking to make an impact on global leadership and innovation.
Yun, J. J., Zhao, X., Jung, K., & Yigitcanlar, T. (2020). The culture for open innovation
dynamics. Sustainability, 12(12), 5076.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12125076
This article, written by researchers in the field of innovation management, investigates
the role of culture in innovation, especially as it relates open innovation dynamics. The
concept of open innovation dynamics has been an area of inquiry for the past few
decades, and overarching factors such as the characteristics of organization play a key
role in defining sustainable innovation. This study investigates factors that contribute
towards a culture for open innovation by developing a new concept model based on an
analysis of 23 special issue papers to elucidate the conceptual framework informing the
said model, including entrepreneurship dimensions.
The authors present a comprehensive review of literature on various characteristics of
culture in organizations including firm-level, static open innovation, and dynamic
elements of culture in different forms of entrepreneurship. The article findings suggest
that culture for open innovation results from system-wide interaction between
intrapreneurship, entrepreneurship, and organizational entrepreneurship. Furthermore,
the concept model identified in the study can me used at the micro- and macro-levels
towards more sustainable development in the ear of natural disasters and dynamic
societies. In public organizations, the culture for open innovation is affected by factors
such as cultural, institutional, and legal barriers.
While this study presents a valuable insight into the concept of open innovation and the
underlying factors affecting successful innovation, certain limitations to research such
as insufficient analysis due to the research model. Therefore, additional research is still

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required to add on to the knowledge in the field. This is a useful article as it provides a
kind of indirect social experiment whereby results can be used to draw key conclusions
on the topic.
Verganti, R., Vendraminelli, L., & Iansiti, M. (2020). Innovation and design in the age of
artificial intelligence. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 37(3), 212-227.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12523
This article explores the aspect of “decision making” by artificial intelligence as it
pertains to innovation. According to Verganti and colleagues, this theme in innovation
is popularly referred to as “design” by practitioners and scholars in the field. Thus, the
aim of this study is to investigate the impact of artificial intelligence on decision
making in innovation processes, and how this impact affects the human understanding
of innovation and design across different practices. Furthermore, the authors propose a
framework for elucidation innovation and design, while drawing inspiration from
design and innovation theory. According to the findings, creativity in the age of AI is
based on machine learning algorithms and therefore the role of the human is reduced to
“sensemaking”. Ultimately, the authors use Airbnb, Tesla, Microsoft, and Netflix as
leading examples of companies at the frontier of AI. The researchers conclude that AI
has helped companies overcome limitations of human-intensive design, and the
scalability of such application enhances the ability for organizations to learn and adapt.
This article provides valuable insights in principles of design-thinking in the field of
innovation. AI can be described as iterative, people-centred, and abductive and an
enabler of innovative solutions that are highly people-oriented compared to human-
based models. Moreover, AI has the capacity to achieve more creativity due to the
default learning and adaptability characteristics. By exploring the implications of AI in

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innovation management, this paper highlights the future of design in the era of AI-
powered organizations.
This article presents a strong argument on how a data-driven approach to innovation
enable companies to harness the immense power of AI. By including companies with
AI-centric operating models, the researchers show a real-world example of how
companies can leverage AI and in the process guide investment towards a future where
human limitations are eliminated.
Parrilli, M. D., Balavac, M., & Radicic, D. (2020). Business innovation modes and their
impact on innovation outputs: Regional variations and the nature of innovation across
EU regions. Research Policy, 49(8), 104047.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104047
This article analyzes trends in science and technology-based innovation (STI) and
innovation based on learning-by-doing (DUI) across different regional contexts. The
authors assess the discourse on the most effective innovation mode on a global scale,
including an assessment of whether the choice of innovation mode is contextual. The
authors thus advance the literature on innovation systems that are rarely explored in the
world of research. The findings of the study indicate that regional specificities play a
key role in application of different innovation models, and that most organizations
favor a lean-by-doing approach to drive innovation outcomes.
This study derives key insights on the “innovation paradox” cited in literature whereby
companies that invest heavily on research and development do not achieve higher
innovation outputs than those that invest less resources. Therefore, innovation systems
can turn out to be complex and multifaceted even when informed by research evidence.
This study uses multiple treatment models to cover exploratory meta-studies on the
impact of the various innovation modes adopted by organizations across the EU region.

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Despite the immense analysis of vast datasets, this study fails to elucidate how a
combination of both modes of innovation can be scaled up to larger contests. Further
inquiry into this topic is warranted to establish how innovators can take advantage of
different innovation drivers to lessen the gap between strong leadership and innovation.
Frishammar, J., Richtnér, A., Brattström, A., Magnusson, M., & Björk, J. (2019).
Opportunities and challenges in the new innovation landscape: Implications for
innovation auditing and innovation management. European Management
Journal, 37(2), 151-164.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2018.05.002
This article provides a valuable insight into the concept of innovation auditing, a crucial
approach employed by organization to assess the strengths and weaknesses in
innovation outputs. Frishammar and co-authors are established researchers in the field
of economics and social innovation with a high presence in the academe in the same
field. For instance, Jennie Björk is a co-editor-in-chief for the Creativity and Innovation
Management Journal. The authors find out that existing auding models are limited
because they fail to integrate key trends in the innovation landscape including
openness, servitization, and digitalization. Therefore, the researchers propose new
opportunities, practices, and challenges for manufacturing farms to consider while
revising their innovation audit models. A key benefit with revisiting these frameworks
is the increased support for innovation management in a highly dynamic globally
competitive environment.
The study is relevant for research into the theme of innovation because is presents a
solid analysis of innovation auding for different firms over a period of three years. The
authors involve 21 select companies in the research involving 45 managers. Overall,
key criteria for these firms included activity in strategy and innovation management.

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Moreover, the study also integrates trends in the literature and that in actual practice,
which help provide objective perspectives on audit dimensions and their implication for
practice. Hence, this analytical framework helps the authors highlight challenges and
gaps in existing innovation audit models.