Explain the dose-response relationship

Lack of physical activity is associated with various adverse effects on one’s health.
Among the health risks associated with a sedentary lifestyle is the high risk of cardiovascular
diseases. Exercise intervention can thus help in increasing one’s fitness levels and in so doing
reducing risk factors associated with high levels of cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high
levels of blood sugar (American College of Sports Medicine, 2018). The dose-response
relationship explains the relationship between physical activity and one’s health. An
individual who wants to improve their state of health as well as improve their overall level of
fitness must engage in physical activity. There is a dose-response relationship between the
level of physical activity and many diseases.
Explain the physiological and psychological benefits of exercise.
Research indicates that there is an inverse relationship between the level of physical
activity and premature mortality. Exercise helps lower the risk of cardiovascular disease,
hypertension, osteoporosis, and metabolic syndrome (American College of Sports Medicine,
2018). With regular exercise, one is also able to maintain a healthy weight and in so doing
reduce the risk of being obese or overweight. The dose-response relationship indicates that
regular exercise lowers the risk of these diseases. With regular physical activity, the
cardiovascular and respiratory system undergo various beneficial changes. One of the main
changes in an increase in the maximal oxygen uptake. The blood pressure as well as the heart
rate also decrease. The resting systolic/diastolic pressure reduces. The insulin needs are
reduced and the inflammation is also reduced. With high levels of physical activity, the risk
of coronary artery disease is reduced.
Physical activity is also associated with various psychological benefits. Regular
physical activity helps in improving one’s mood. It also helps one to manage stress

effectively. Physical activity helps in boosting self-esteem which is associated with
psychological wellbeing (Plante et al., 2006). When one engages in physical activity, they are
likely to maintain a healthy weight and this helps in promoting positive body image. One’s
confidence is also likely to improve with an increase in the level of physical activity.
Explain the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans.
Based on the dose-response relationship, it is recommended that every American
should engage in some form of physical activity. Greater health benefits are associated with
higher amounts of physical activity (Garber. There lacks clear data on the level of physical
activity required to achieve health benefits. However, cohort studies have shown that
moderate intensity physical activity is associated with a decline in the risk levels of
cardiovascular disease. The moderate physical activity is estimated to be 1000 kilocalories
per week. One can achieve this milestone by engaging in a combination of physical activities
and exercise that have different intensities. A combination of moderate and vigorous physical
activities is contained in the 2007 AHA/ACSM recommendations.

References

American College of Sports Medicine. (2018). ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription (10th ed.). Retrieved from https://redshelf.com/
Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I. M., …
Swain, D. P. (2011, July). Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and
maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently
healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise (Links to an external
site.). Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43(7), 1334-1359. Retrieved from
http://journals.lww.com/acsm-